I. Absolute Monarchy     A. Louis XIV        1. King of France 1643-1715, longest in European history         2. Ruled with complete authority-his power was not allowed to be challenged         3. Nicknamed the “Sun King” because everything revolved around him and that he was all powerful        4. First “Divine Right” king-Louis XIV stated that God had selected him to rule France. Disobeying the king was the same as disobeying God, according to Louis XIV.         5. French people were heavily taxed to provide the king with a luxurious lifestyle.          6. Palace at Versailles was built for king- he used it to house over 10,000 nobles and clergymen. Louis XIV kept his friends close and his enemies’ closer to prevent rebellions.

I.                   Henry VIII

A.     A king that questioned the reasoning of the Catholic Church.

B.      Wanted to take control of the Church of England

C.      Took power away from the Pope.

D.    He wants to divorce to insure to have an heir to the thrown.

E.     Marries 7 times.

I. Limited Monarchy Develops in England

   A. Rule of King John (1180-1220)

        1. King of England, he ruled with absolute authority until 1215

         2. Signed the Magna Carta which greatly limited his authority. He was required to ask permission of English nobles to raise their taxes.

         3. English nobles, tired of King John’s rule, marched on his castle and forced him to sign the Magna Carta or face death.

  B. Limited Monarchy

        1. Later English kings needed permission to also tax wealthy businessmen and farmers as well as nobles.

         2. Council of nobles was known as House of Lords. Council of wealthy English became the House o f Commons. Council meetings of these groups were known as Parliament.

         3. Parliament eventually takes the complete right to raise and spend taxes. King has little financial authority

The Puritan Revolution (1642-1660)

A. King Charles I

      1. Tried to establish absolutism

      2. Claiming divine right a) collect new taxes without Parliament approval

B. Adopted religious policies which were unpopular with the Puritans (Protestant sect)

C. Civil War

      1. Supporters of Parliament

      2. Supporters of the King

D. supporters of the King lost

        1. King was executed

E. Attempt to form a new government was unsuccessful

1. The Glorious Revolution (1688-1689)

   A. a second revolution occurred

     1. King James II fled

     2. His daughter and her   husband were invited by Parliament to take his place

   B. Bill of Rights

       1. Established Parliament's supremacy over the King

        2. Agreed not to collect new taxes

        3. Not to raise a standing army a) without

              a) Consent of Parliament